CHEMISTRY GRADE 11

  • Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry
  • Structure of an Atom 
  • Classification of Elements and Periodicity
  • Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 
  • States of Matter
  • Thermodynamics
  • Equilibrium
  • Redox Reactions
  • The s-Block Elements
  • The s-Block Elements
  • Hydrocarbons
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Hydrogen
  • Organic Chemistry

Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry

1
Introduction
2
Laws of Chemical Combinations
3
Dalton’s Atomic Theory
4
Atomic and Molecular Masses
5
Mole Concepts and Molar Masses
6
Percentage Composition
7
Stoichiometry and Related Calculations
8
Reactions in Solutions
9
Balancing a Chemical Equation

Structure of an Atom - Part 2

1
Developments Leading to Bohr’s Model of Atom
2
Problem Solving
3
Planck’s Quantum Theory
4
Photoelectric Effect
5
Problems 1,2,3
6
Problems 4,5
7
Evidence for Quantized Electronic Spectra
8
Line Spectrum of Hydrogen and Bohr’s Model for Hydrogen Atom – Part 1
9
Bohr’s Model for Hydrogen Atom – Part 2
10
Limitations of Bohr’s Model and Solved Problems
11
Towards Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom
12
Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
13
Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom
14
Orbitals and Quantum Numbers
15
Atomic Orbitals
16
Atomic Orbitals; p orbital & d orbital
17
Energies of atomic orbitals
18
Filling of atomic orbitals
19
Electronic configuration of elements – Part 1
20
Electronic configuration of elements – Part 2

Classification of Elements and Periodicity

1
Introduction
2
Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
3
Modern Periodic Table
4
Relationship betweenElectronic Configuration and Periodic Table
5
Electronic Configuration and Types of Elements
6
P-Block and D-Block Elements
7
F-Block Elements; Solved Problems
8
Metals,Non Metals and Mettaloids ; Periodic Trend
9
Atomic Radius – Size of The Atom
10
Ionic Radii
11
Ionization Enthalpy; Problem 3.6
12
Electron Gain Enthalpy; Problem 3.7
13
Electronegativity; Oxidation State
14
Problem 3.8; Anomalous Behaviour
15
Periodic Trends and Chemical Reactivity; Problem 3.10

Structure of an Atom Part -1

1
Introduction
2
Charge to Mass Ratio; Oil Drop Experiment
3
Thompsons’s Model ; Discovery of Proton and Neutron
4
Rutherford’s Nuclear Model of An Atom
5
Drawbacks of Rutherford’s Model ; Atomic Mass and Number

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure - Part 1

1
Introduction
2
Kossel – Lewis Approach to Chemical Bonding
3
Lewis Dot Structure
4
Problem 4.1, 4.2
5
Formal Charge
6
Limitations of Octet Rule
7
Ionic or Electrovalent Bond
8
Bond Parameters
9
Bond Enthalpy
10
Bond Order; Resonance Structures
11
Problem 4.3, 4.4
12
Polarization
13
Polarity of Bonds
14
VSEPR Theory
15
Molecular Geometry – Part 1
16
Molecular Geometry – Part 2

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure - Part 2

1
Quantum Mechanics Principles & Valence bond
2
Orbital overlapping
3
Types of overlap & Covalent bond – Sigma bond
4
Hybridization
5
Salient Features of Hybridization
6
Types of Hybridization
7
sp2 Hybridization
8
sp3 Hybridization – Part 1
9
sp3 Hybridization – Part 2 – Ethane and Ethene
10
sp Hybridization
11
sp3d Hybridization
12
Molecular Orbital Theory
13
Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals
14
Increasing Energy Levels of Molecular Orbitals
15
Writing Energy Levels of Molecular Orbitals in Homonuclear Molecules
16
Hydrogen Bond
17
SF6 Structure; Conditions for Combination of Atomic Orbitals; Types of Molecular Orbitals

States of Matter

1
Introduction
2
London Forces; Dipole – Dipole Forces
3
Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces; Hydrogen Bond; Thermal Energy
4
Gaseous State – Physical Properties of Gases
5
Boyle’s Law – Part 1
6
Boyle’s Law – Part 2
7
Charles Law
8
Gay Lussac’s Law; Avogadro’s Law
9
Ideal Gas Equation
10
Problem 5.3; Relation between Molar mass & density; Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
11
Partial Pressures in Mole Fractions
12
Kinetic Energy
13
Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
14
Behaviour of Real Gases
15
Problem 5.5; Liquid State; Vapour Pressure
16
Surface Tension; Viscosity
17
Liquification of Gases

Thermodynamics

1
Introduction
2
State Function; Internal Energy as State Function
3
Change in Internal Energy- Part 1
4
Change in Internal Energy- Part 2
5
Work
6
Free Expansion of Gas
7
Enthalpy
8
Intensive & Extensive Properties;Heat Capacity
9
Calorimetry; Enthalpy and Internal Energy
10
Enthalpy Change
11
Standard Enthalpy of Formation and Examples
12
Thermochemical Equation
13
Bond Enthalpy; Hess’s Law ;Enthalpy of Combustion and Atomisation
14
Enthalpy of Dilution; Spontaneity- Part 1
15
Spontaneity- Part 2 ; Entropy – Heat Relation
16
Gibb’s Energy & Spontaneity

Equilibrium

1
Introduction
2
Liquid-Vapour Equilibrium
3
Equilibrium in Physical Process
4
General Characteristics of Equilibrium for Physical Processes
5
Equilibrium in Chemical Process
6
Law of Chemical Equilibrium and Equilibrium Constant
7
Homogeneous & Heterogeneous Equilibrium
8
Applications of Equilibrium Constant – Part 1
9
Applications of Equilibrium Constant – Part 2; Factors affecting Equilibrium; Le Chatelier’s Principle
10
Effect of Concentration,Pressure, Temperature Change, Inert Gas Addition on Equilibrium
11
Effect of Catalyst, Ionic Equilibrium in Solution, Acids, Bases & Salts; Arrhenius Theory
12
Bronsted – Lowry Theory; Lewis Acids & Bases
13
Ionization of Acids & Bases; pH Scale
14
Polybasic Acids/Polyacidic Bases; Common Ion Effect; Hydrolysis of Salts & pH of Solutions
15
Buffer Solution; Solubility Equilibrium of Sparingly Soluble Salts; Common Ion Effect on Solubility of Ionic Salts
16
Solid Vapour Equilibrium; Equilibrium Constant of Gaseous System
17
Ionisation Constant of Weak Acids & Bases; Hydrolysis of Salts; Solubility Constant & Effect of Common Ion on Solubility of Ionic Salts

Redox Reactions

1
Introduction
2
Problem 8.1;Redox Reactions in Terms of Electron Transfer
3
Problem 8.2;Competitive Electron Transfer Reactions
4
Oxidation Number
5
Rules to Determine Oxidation Number of Various Elements
6
Stock Notation;Types of Redox Reaction – Part 1
7
Types of Redox Reaction – Part 2
8
Types of Redox Reaction – Part 3
9
Balancing Redox Reactions
10
Redox Reactions as Basis for Titrations
11
Redox Reactions & Electrode Process

The s-Block Elements

1
Introduction
2
Important Compounds of Calcium
3
Alkali Metals – Atomic & Ionic Radii,Ionisation Enthalpy
4
Chemical Properties of Alkali Metals
5
General Characteristics of Compounds of Alkali Metals
6
Salts of Oxoacids; Anomalous Properties of Lithium – Part 1
7
Anomalous Properties of Lithium – Part 2
8
Important Compounds of Sodium – Part 1
9
Important Compounds of Sodium – Part 2
10
Important Compounds of Sodium – Part 3;Biological Importance of Sodium & Potassium
11
Alkaline Earth Metals – Ionisation Enthalpy; Hydration Enthalpy; Physical Properties
12
Chemical Properties of Alkaline Metals
13
Uses & General Characteristics of Compounds of Alkaline Earth Metals
14
Anomalous Behavior of Beryllium ; Biological Importance of Magnesium & Calcium

The p-Block Elements

1
Introduction
2
Group 13 – Boron Family
3
Chemical Properties of Group 13 – Part 1
4
Chemical Properties of Group 13 – Part 2; Important Trends and Anomalous Behaviour
5
Some Important Compounds of Boron – Part 1
6
Some Important Compounds of Boron – Part 2
7
Use of Boron, Aluminium and Their Compounds
8
Anomolous Behaviour of Lithium
9
Chemical Properties of Carbon Family
10
Important Trends and Anomlous Behaviour of C; Allotropes of Carbon – Part 1
11
Allotropes of Carbon – Part 2; Uses of Carbon
12
Some Important Compounds of Carbon & Silicon – Part 1
13
Some Important Compounds of Carbon & Silicon – Part 2
14
Some Important Compounds of Carbon & Silicon – Part 3
15
Some Important Compounds of Carbon & Silicon – Part 4; Fullerenes

Hydrocarbons

1
Introduction
2
Preparation of Alkanes
3
Properties of Alkanes; Conformations
4
Alkanes Conformations; Nomenclature of Alkenes
5
Alkenes – Isomers; Preparations; Physical Properties
6
Alkenes – Chemical Properties – Part 1
7
Alkenes – Chemical Properties – Part 2
8
Alkynes – Preparations; Physical & Chemical Properties; Aromatic Hydrocarbons
9
Structure of Benzene; Huckel Rule; Preparation of Benzene; Properties of Benzene
10
Properties of Benzene – Part 2; Directive Influence of Functional Group in Monosubstituted Benzene; Carcinogenicity & Toxicity of Hydrocarbons
11
Nomenclature & Isomerism in Alkane; Decarboxylation & Kolbe’s Electrolytic Method; Addition Reactions; Dihedral Angle

Environmental Chemistry

1
Smog
2
Environmental Pollution
3
Tropospheric Pollution
4
Stratospheric Pollution; Water Pollution
5
International Standards for Drinking Water; Soil Pollution; Strategies to Control Environmental Pollution; Green Chemistry

Hydrogen

1
Introduction
2
Preparation of Dihydrogen – Part 1
3
Preparation of Dihydrogen – Part 2; Properties of Dihydrogen
4
Uses of Dihydrogen, Hydrides
5
Ionic/Saline Hydrides; Covalent/Molecular Hydrides
6
Covalent/Molecular Hydrides; Metallic/Non – Stoichiometric Hydrides
7
Water – Physical Properties & Structure of Water
8
Structure of Ice; Chemical Properties of Water
9
Hard & Soft Water; Temporary Hardness & Permanent Hardness – Part 1
10
Permanent Hardness – Part 2
11
Hydrogen Peroxide – Chemical Properties, Storage, Uses; Heavy Water; Hydrogen as a Fuel

Organic Chemistry

1
Qualitative Analysis – Part 1
2
Qualitative Analysis – Part 2
3
Tetravalence of Carbon; Structural Formula of Compounds of Carbon – Part 1
4
Structural Formula of Compounds of Carbon – Part 2
5
Nomenclature of Organic Compounds – Part 1
6
Nomenclature of Organic Compounds – Part 2; Functional Groups – Part 1
7
Functional Groups – Part 2; Isomerism
8
Types of Isomerism
9
Fission of a Covalent Bond; Substrate & Reagent
10
Inductive Effect; Resonance Effect
11
Electromeric Effect; Hyperconjugation
12
Distillation under Reduced Pressure; Differential Extraction; Chromatography
13
Position Isomerism; Heterolytic Fission; Resonance Effect
14
Methods of Purification of Organic Compounds; Types of Chromatography
15
Quantitative Analysis; Resonance Energy; Some Functional Groups

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